The current global climate change is the increase in the average temperature of the near atmosphere and the seassince the beginning of the industrial revolution around 1750. 

 

The reason for the warming is the ongoing anthropogenic enrichment of the earth's atmosphere mit greenhouse gases,particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), 
methane and nitrous oxide, mainly by using fossil energy (fuels), by deforestation and Country-  and in particular animal husbandry  are released.

 

This increases the retention capacity for infrared thermal radiation in der troposphere, what den greenhouse effect strengthened. (Wikipedia, keyword global warming. Status: 01/2020)

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The most important greenhouse gas  is carbon dioxide (CO2). Its concentration is in the atmosphere todayas high as never beforein the past 800,000 years. If the current rate of emissions remained unchanged, carbon dioxide would be emitted into the atmosphere by the middle of this century enough to raise the global mean temperature by more than 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

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Further, unchecked emissions of greenhouse gases could change the climate system in a way that has not happened in the past hundreds of thousands of years. The changes observed so far would be amplified and all regions of the world would be affected. Many of these changes persisted for thousands of years even if no more greenhouse gases were released.

Significant advances in understanding climate change have been made in recent years. New and more robust evidence shows that most of the warming observed over the past 50 years is due to human activity (anthropogenic climate change ).Comparing the observed global temperature changes with model simulations, it can be concluded that anthropogenic influence is a major factor in global warming

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In the years from 1901 to 2012, the global mean surface temperature is around1.0 degrees Celsiusincreased. About two-thirds of the warming has occurred since the mid-1970s. The years of the 21st century (2001 to 2012) are all among the 14 warmest years since instrumental measurements of global mean surface air temperature began (1861) (WMO, 2013). Globally, the decade from 2001 to 2010 is the warmest since 1861. It was warmer than the decade of the 1990s, which in turn was warmer than the decade of the 1980s. In the 20th century and up to now in the 21st century, the northern hemisphere has experienced the strongest warming in the last 1,300 years (WMO, 2011). 

 

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Just like global warming, thesea level rise and accelerating the melting of glaciers and ice caps. From 1961 to 2003, global sea levels rose by about 1.8 millimeters per year. This rate increased to 3.1 millimeters between 1993 and 2003. Mountain glaciers and snow cover on Earth have decreased. Retreating glaciers and ice caps (excluding Greenland and Antarctica) caused sea levels to rise by 0.5 millimeters per year between 1961 and 2003 and by 0.77 millimeters per year between 1993 and 2003.

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Climate change is affecting entire continents and sea basins: average temperatures in the Arctic have risen twice as fast as the global average since about 1980 (SWIPA, 2011).

Thearctic sea ice is shrinkingin its average annual expansion by 2.7 percent per decade, in summer even by 7.4 percent per decade. It reached the previous record low of 3.41 million square kilometers on September 16, 2012. This is about 50 percent below the long-term mean of the minimum summer extents of the period 1979 to 2000 (NSIDC, 2012).

1988The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) founded the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the so-called Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This body evaluates the latest findings from climate research, but does not carry out any specific research to write its reports.

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Because of the global importance of climate change and the complex scientific issues, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO - World Meteorological Organization) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme) 1988 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC (IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change) founded. The IPCC – often referred to as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – is independent of governmentsscientific panel, in which hundreds of scientists from all over the world are involved. They develop and evaluate the latest state of knowledge on climate change based on current and recognized scientific publications and summarize it in regular status reports and special reports on selected topics.

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The work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change focuses on the followingsubjects:

• Scientific basis of anthropogenic (man-made) climate change ;

• Observed climate changes;

• projections of future climate changes;

• Measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases;

• Measures to adapt to projected (calculated for the future) climate changes

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